Category: excavation equipment

How The Equipment Has Changed

There are many different opinions as to what
machines should actually be classified as earth
moving equipment. There are many different types
of equipment that fall in this category, such as
excavators, backhoe loaders, dump trucks, and
even loaders.

Other machinery that falls in between are articulated
trucks, wheel and track tractors, and even
scrapers. The thin line is normally drawn at
motor grades, which are more than capable or light
duty excavation, although they are mainly used
to level lots and grade roads.

If you take a glance at any equipment literature
from leading companies such as CAT, Komatsu, or
Case, you’ll see right away that they believe the
biggest and most important change over the last
several years is increased productivity. This is
normally followed by greater comfort and safety.

The increase in productivity is the result of
many different advancements. CAT (Caterpillar)
cites that more powerful engines with a faster
rise in torque which allows machines to respond
faster to increased power demands. Even though
this new generation is far more powerful, it
has a reduced impact on the environment as well.

Electronics
Most of the newer machines have electronic
control systems that will optimize both engine
and transmission performance, as well as fuel
consumption and hydraulic system performance.

Take for example the CAT mid sized G series
wheel loaders that feature electronically controlled
powershift transmissions. Each and every
transmission offers autoshift capabilities that
ease the pressure on the operator, and an
electronic clutch pressure control that smooth
shifts the gears for longer life.

Comfort
In the industry, good operators are getting harder
and harder to find. Manufacturers find themselves
stressing that operator comfort and convenience
need to be taken into account not only to make
the job easier, but also more efficient and
productive as well.

The new cab designs offer better visibility,
reduced noise and vibration, and improved comfort
as well. The new control systems will require low
operator effort while also improving the control
of the machine for both the experienced as well
as the in-experienced operator.

Easier maintenance
Almost all new machinery offers electronic
monitoring systems that will provide constant
information on the health of the machine for the
operator. These types of systems provide information
to technicians, including service modes that will
help them to diagnose conditions quickly.

Now days, machines are designed to make routine
maintenance easier. With CAT’s wheel loaders,
regular service points are easy to access from
ground level, with site gauges making it easier
to check the fluid of the radiator, hydraulic oil,
and transmission – without having to use dipsticks.

Changes for the better
If you compare the excavation equipment of today
with the machines of the past, you’ll notice that
the changes are better. The machines of the past
relied more on operator skill and technique, as
very few of them had electronic features.

Today, almost all types of heavy machinery offer
electronic features. Electronics are a great
thing, as they can make the life of an operator
easier than ever. You don’t need to get out and
check the fluids anymore, as all you need to do
is take a look at your instrument panel, which can
help to save you a lot of time.

Operators who have a lot of experience know first
hand that machines of the past can’t begin to
compete with machines of today. With technology
always getting better, it just makes you wonder
what is in the future for heavy machinery. Years
from now, one can only begin to wonder just great
heavy machinery will get – and what other features
will make the life of an operator even easier than
it is now.

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Renting Versus Owning Equipment

There are always going to be times when, no matter
how carefully an excavation company plans out a
project, there simply isn’t enough equipment on hand
to handle the requirements of the project without
running out of time. The choices at this point are
clear – rent the machines you need or go ahead and
make the purchase.

It is however, not easy to make these types of
decisions, thanks to several factors that you’ll
need to consider.

Rental pricing
Its no secret that rental companies make a killing
with the equipment they rent out. Most companies
will rent on a daily or weekly basis, which is good
for them but can be bad for you. Depending on what
area you work in, the price can be very high or
just right.

Depending on what type of equipment you need, the
price to rent will vary. Excavators and off road
dump trucks are among the highest to rent, as they
can cost as much as 12,000 dollars per month! This
may seem a bit outrageous at first, although if you
own a profitable company and are working on a big
project, you’ll have problems meeting the price.

Buying
When you need more equipment and don’t want to rent,
you can buy your equipment. Buying is the way to
go if you plan on using the equipment more. If you
work on large projects on a frequent basis, you may
want to look into buying the equipment you need
instead of renting.

Buying will save you money in the long run, providing
you are going to be using the equipment again. If
you need the equipment for one or two projects, you
may just want to rent. Sure you won’t own the
equipment, although you certainly don’t want to buy
something you won’t be using.

Servicing
One of the great things about renting is the fact
that company you rent from is responsible for fixing
anything that breaks. Your company won’t be responsible
for repairs, as you don’t own the equipment. If
something breaks or goes wrong, simply call the
company and they will come out there and fix the
problem, as the price for repair is included in the
rental contract.

If you choose to go ahead and buy the equipment,
then your company will be responsible for the repair
of the equipment. As you probably know with owning
other equipment, you’ll need to do regular maintenance
and service on the equipment.

Making that final choice on renting or buying is
ultimately up to you. You should always think about
finances, and if you can afford the machinery. If
you don’t have the finances or capital to buy what
you need, you should go with renting. Either way
you go, you’ll get the machines you need to complete
your job and stay ahead of schedule.

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Operating A Backhoe Safely

A skid steer loader with backhoe attachment or a backhoe
loader in general can be very productive if it is
operated safely and efficiently. The best way to
get the job done safely and efficiently is to know
yourself, the job site, and your equipment.

Even though the models of backhoes will vary, there
are safety features with all of them that include
steps and grab handles for getting on and off of
the machine. Backhoes also feature frame lock levers
and attaching levers to keep the backhoe securely
fastened to the loader frame during operation as well
as transporting.

In addition to these standard safety features, there
are some backhoes that provide a safety chain. The
safety chain will prevent the backhoe mounting
frame from rotating backwards and unexpectedly
trapping the operator, which can result in serious
injury or death. Therefore, it is always important
to know and check all of the mounting and attachment
points and the safety chain before you operate the
backhoe.

If you’ve attached the backhoe to the loader, you
should take a moment to inspect it and perform any
necessary maintenance. Check for broken or
damaged parts, also making sure to check for leaks,
cracks, excessive wear, and check the control
levers.

The warning and safety signs and instructional
decals are very important and will help you to
avoid injury. You should always take them seriously
and replace any damaged or missing decals.

Every 8 hours or so, you should grease all of the
zerk fittings, and check the hydraulic fluid
and oil and a daily basis. If the fluid is low,
the backhoe will not operate. Therefore, you
should always take the time to check your machine.

Anytime you have to leave the operator seat of the
backhoe, you should lower the bucket or attachment
to the ground, turn the engine off, remove the
ignition key, then exit the machine.

When the time comes to drive to the next job site,
you should always make sure that you have fully
raised both the front and rear stabilizers and
make sure you’ve put the backhoe seat into the
“down” position for better visibility. Before
you drive off, make sure that you’ve installed the
transport locking pin.

Here are some other things to keep in mind:
– Always select the right size bucket for
the job.
– Stake out the work area that is going to
be excavated and use flags to mark the area.
– Never work in areas that have inadequate
overhead clearances.

Always make sure that you keep bystanders or other
workers out of the swing area. If anyone gets in
the way of the boom swinging, they can very easily
get injured. The machine has no feelings,
therefore you should always be aware of who is
around you and where they are standing.

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Caterpillar Equipment

Caterpillar Incorporated, also known as CAT is a
United States based corporation that is based in
Peoria, Illinois. The company commonly known as CAT
is known around the world as the largest manufacturer
of construction and mining equipment, diesel and
natural gas engines, and industrial gas turbines.

Well known and famous for their products that feature
the Caterpillar track and distinctive yellow paint,
CAT produces a wide range of heavy equipment for
all types of jobs, including the very popular
Caterpillar D9 bulldozer.

History
The story of CAT dates back to the late 19th century,
when Daniel Best and Benjamin Holt were experimenting
with different ways to fulfill the promise that
steam tractors held for farm work. Prior to 1925,
the Holt family had pioneered track tractors and
gasoline powered engines. After the companies of
Best and Holt were merged, the company went through
several changes then at the end of World War 2,
they began to grow at a very fast pace, launching
the first venture outside of the country in 1950,
which marked the beginning of CAT development into
a big corporation.

CAT equipment ranges from track type tractors to
hydraulic excavators, backhoes, motor graders, off
road trucks, wheel loaders, tractors, diesel and
gas engines, and gas turbines. CAT equipment is
used in construction, excavation, building roads,
mining, energy, forestry, transportation, and
material handling companies.

Sales
Over half of CAT’s sales are to customers in overseas
areas. CAT products are sold in almost 200 different
countries. The company has a worldwide network
of over 200 dealers – 63 in the United States and
over 150 in other countries. CAT equipment and
components are manufactured in 42 plants in the
United States and 58 plants in Australia, Belgium,
Brazil, Canada, England, France, Germany, India,
Japan, Mexico, and several other countries.

Labor
CAT almost went down in the early 1980s due to
the massive union strikes and a down turn in product
demand. At the time, several news reports indicated
that products were piling up so high in facilities
that temporary workers hired to work the lines
could barely get to their stations to perform their
jobs.

In the 1990s, CAT suffered yet another long strike
in which the company hired what it deemed to be
permanent replacements for union workers that
were on strike. During both strikes, jack rocks
were placed in the home entrances of many of
CATs top executives and employees, puncturing
the tires of their vehicles and making things
worse for the company.

Not long after the strike of the 1990s ended
and the economy started to get back up again, CAT
adopted the “6 Sigma” quality management program,
to help reduce costs and inventory and identify
and correct the defects in processes and products.

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Caterpillar D Series

The CAT (Caterpillar) 420D and 430D backhoe loaders
are the high performance machines in the D series
lineup. The 420D boasts 85 HP and a backhoe digging
depth of 14 feet when equipped with a standard
stick.

The 430D offers 94 HP and a backhoe digging depth
of 15 feet when it is equipped with a standard
stick. By using an extendible stick, you can
push the digging depth of the 420D to 18 feet and
the depth of the 430D to 19 feet, which is very
impressive to say the least.

Both D series machines are available in IT
(Integrated Toolcarrier) configurations for
applications that benefit from a parallel lift
loader linkage and the versatility of quick work
tool changes through the use of a versatile
hydraulic quick coupler. Applications include the
use of pallet forks, material handling arms,
brooms, and even buckets.

The new and improved pilot operated hydraulic backhoe
and IT loader controls will help to ensure smooth,
precise operation with reduced effort on behalf of
the operator. These backhoes use excavator type
joystick controls, and an optional pattern change
valve which allows you to select the patern of
control.

The 205 degree rotation that is offered by the
backhoe bucket linkage will make it easier to dig
vertical walls and clamp material when loading
trucks. The rotation with the D series is 40
degrees more than with the C series. Now, the
backhoe buckets feature a single pin position,
with the bucket link featuring an integrated
lifting eye as well.

The optional quick coupler you can get for the
backhoe will allow fast changes of working tools
for increased versatility and flexibility in
almost all applications.

Both of the D series backhoe loaders use the
turbocharged, direct injection, four cylinder diesel
engine, with a displacement of 4.0 liters. This
engine offers superior lug performance which is
mostly due to the responsive fuel injection
system.

The standard power shuttle transmission provides
four forward speeds and four speeds in reverse
as well. Fully synchromesh in all gears will
permit on the go shifting, while the forward and
reverse electric power shuttle will provide
instant direction changes through powered
clutches.

The auto shifting feature will automatically
shift between second gear and the highest gear
selected for ease of operation. The auto shift
feature has five forward and three reverse gears,
with a transmission kick switch on the lever of
the loader control.

With D series loaders, you’ll also have the choice
of standard two wheel drive or all wheel drive,
which you can engage easily on the go, under
heavy load, by pressing a switch that is located
on the front console.

The D series loaders from CAT are very fast and
versatile as well, as they will move faster than
most types of backhoes on the market. The
diesel engines are very fast, while the machine
has enough traction and control to keep you
moving even in wet or muddy conditions.

The variable load sensing hydraulic system will
adjust the flow and pressure of the machine to
meet the demands of work with an increased
pressure of 3,300 PSI. The hydraulic system is
tuned to work efficiently with the engine, and
it provides full hydraulic force to the working
tool on hand at any engine speed you desire.

Unlike other backhoe loaders, the D series will
reduce demands on the operator, cut fuel consumption
in half, reduce wear on the engine, and allow
for quieter operation. To make a long story
short – the D series from CAT are among the best
backhoe loaders that money can buy – bar none.

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Hydraulic Machinery

Hydraulic machinery are machines and tools that use
fluid power to do the work. Almost all types of
heavy equipment is a common example. With this type
of equipment, hydraulic fluid is pumped to a high
pressure then transmitted through the machine to
various actuators.

The hydraulic pumps are powered by engines or electric
motors. The pressurized fluid is controlled by the
operator with control valves and then distributed
through hoses and tubes.

The increasing popularity of hydraulic machinery is
due to the large amount of power that is transferred
through small tubes and flexible hoses. The high
power density and wide array of actuators can make
use of this power.

Hydraulic power
The theory that lies behind hydraulic equipment is
fluid pressure.
1. A force that acts on a small area can
create a bigger force by acting on a larger area
by hydrostatic pressure.
2. A large amount of energy can be carried
by a small flow of highly pressurized fluid.

Pumps
A hydraulic pump will supply the fluid to the
components in the system. Pressure in the system
will develop in reaction to the load. Pumps have
a power density of around ten times greater than
an electric motor. The pumps are powered by an
electric motor or engine, which is connected through
gears, belts, or a flexible elastomeric coupling
to reduce the heavy vibration.

The common types of hydraulic pumps for hydraulic
machinery applications include:
1. Gear pump – the gear pump is cheap,
durable, and simple. It is less efficient, simply
because it is constant displacement and suitable
for pressures that are below 3,000 psi.
2. Vane pump – vane pumps are cheap, simple,
and reliable. They are good pumps for higher flow
low pressure output.

Hoses and tubes
A hydraulic hose is graded by pressure, temperature,
and compatibility of fluid. A rubber interior is
surrounded by multiple layers of woven wire and
rubber. The exterior of the hose is designed for
resistance against abrasion.

The bending radius of the hydraulic hose is
designed very carefully into the machine, since
a hose failure can be deadly, and violating the
minimum bend radius of the hose can also cause
failure.

A hydraulic pipe is thick enough to have threads
cut into it for connections. It’s rarely used
for high pressure systems though, which prefer to
have tubes or hoses. The pipe itself lends to
weldings and can also be used to fabricate the
manifold.

Hydraulic pipes on the other hand are preferred
over hoses whenever possible, as they are simply
more durable. Tubes are also preferred over pipes,
as they weigh a lot less. Hydraulic tubes will
normally have flared ends and captive nuts to
make connections. They can also be steel welded
with floating nuts and face seal fittings on the
ends.

Both tubes and pipes for hydraulic applications
traditionally haven’t been plated or painted,
since the temperature and oil they operate under
drive away moisture and reduce the risk of rust.

Fittings
The fittings with hydraulic machinery serve
several purposes:
1. To bride different standards, such
as the O-ring boss to JIC or pipe threads to the
face seal.
2. Allows proper orientation of
components, as a 45 or 90 degree, straight, or
even swivel fitting will be chosen as it is
needed. They are designed to be positioned in
the correct orientation and then tightened as
needed.
3. To incorporate bulkhead hardware.
4. A quick disconnect fitting may be
added to a machine without having to modify hoses
or valves.

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Bulldozer

The bulldozer is a very powerful crawler that is
equipped with a blade. The term bulldozer is often
used to mean any type of heavy machinery, although
the term actually refers to a tractor that is fitted
with a dozer blade.

Often times, bulldozers are large and extremely
powerful tracked vehicles. The tracks give them
amazing ground mobility and hold through very rough
terrain. Wide tracks on the other hand, help to
distribute the weight of the dozer over large areas,
therefore preventing it from sinking into sandy or
muddy ground.

Bulldozers have great ground hold and a torque
divider that’s designed to convert the power of the
engine into dragging ability, which allows it to
use its own weight to push heavy objects and even
remove things from the ground. Take the Caterpillar
D9 for example, it can easily tow tanks that weight
more than 70 tons. Due to these attributes,
bulldozers are used to clear obstacles, shrubbery,
and remains of structures and buildings.

The blade
The blade on a bulldozer is the heavy piece of
metal plate that is installed on the front. The
blade pushes things around. Normally, the blade
comes in 3 varieties:
1. A straight blade that is short and has
no lateral curve, no side wings, and can be used
only for fine grading.
2. A universal blade, or U blade, which is
tall and very curved, and features large side wings
to carry more material around.
3. A combination blade that is shorter,
offers less curvature, and smaller side wings.

Modifications
Over time, bulldozers have been modified to evolve
into new machines that are capable of things the
original bulldozers weren’t. A good example is
that loader tractors were created by removing the
blade and substituting a large volume bucket
and hydraulic arms which will raise and lower the
bucket, therefore making it useful for scooping
up the earth and loading it into trucks.

Other modifications to the original bulldozer
include making it smaller to where it can operate
in small working areas where movement is very
limited, such as mining caves and tunnels. Very
small bulldozers are known as calfdozers.

History
The first types of bulldozers were adapted from
farm tractors that were used to plough fields. In
order to dig canals, raise earth dams, and partake
in earthmoving jobs, the tractors were equipped
with a thick metal plate in the front. Later
on, this thick metal plate earned the name blade.

The blade of the bulldozer peels layers of soil
and pushes it forward as the tractor advances.
The blade is the heart and soul of the bulldozer,
as it was the first accessory to make full use
for excavation type jobs.

As the years went by, when engineers needed
equipment to complete larger jobs, companies such
as CAT, Komatsu, John Deere, Case, and JCB started
to manufacture large tracked earthmoving equipment.
They were very loud, very large, and very powerful
and therefore earned the nickname “bulldozer”.

Over the years, the bulldozers got bigger, more
powerful, and even more sophisticated. The
important improvements include better engines,
more reliable drive trains, better tracks, and
even hydraulic arms that will enable more precise
manipulation of the blade and automated controls.
As an added option, bulldozers can come equipped
with a rear ripping claw to break up pavement or
loosen rocky soil.

The best known manufacturer of bulldozer is CAT,
which has earned a vast reputation for making
tough and durable, yet reliable machines. Even
though the bulldozer started off a modified farm
tractor, it rapidly became one of the most useful
pieces of equipment with excavating and construction.

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Caterpillar D-11

The D-11 from Caterpillar is among the series of
tracked type tractors are among the largest
conventional bulldozers in the world, second to the
Komatsu D575. It comes in two variations, the
standard D-11R and the bigger and heavier D-11R CD.

The D-11 bulldozer is among the upper end of
Caterpillars track type tractors, which range in
power and size from the D-3 (77 HP) to the D-11R
(935 HP).

The primary use for the D-11 is for moving large
quantities of rock, dirt, etc. short distances in
confined spaces. The D-11 is often times used in
quarries. The price, size, power and weight of
the D11 dictate that they are used primarily for
major products. You can normally find the D11
used in forestry, mining, excavation, and quarry
operations.

The D-11 is high known and favored for its amazing
power and ability to rip into the earth, making
them ideal for agricultural and rock ripping type
work. The ripper is the long claw like device
you can find on the back of the D-11. Rippers come
in single shank or in groups of two or more, known
as multi shank rippers. Normally, a single shank
is all you need for heavy ripping work.

The ripping of rock will allow the ground surface
rock to be broken up into small, easy to handle
and transport rubble which can then be removed
so that you can grade the area.

The agricultural ripping feature will allow rocky
or very hard ground to be broken up so that
otherwise unarable land can be put to use with
agricultural applications.

The blade on the front of the D-11 comes in 3
varieties:
1. A straight blade which is short and
has no lateral curve, no side wings, and is ideal
for fine grading.
2. A universal blade which is tall and
very curved, and has large side wings which can
carry more material.
3. A combination blade that is shorter,
has less curvature, and smaller wings on the side.

The nearest competition for the Caterpillar D-11
is the Komatsu D-475. The Caterpillar can best be
distinguished from the Komatsu by the elevated drive
sprocket or high drive system that results in a
triangular, rather than oval, shaped caterpillar
track.

The D-11 is a fine testament to the superb products
Caterpillar offers. They are great for excavation
and clearing dirt, as they can push large piles
of dirt. They are also good for rock, as they can
move even the biggest of rocks from the ground
without breaking a sweat. If you’ve wanted a
bulldozer with uncanny strength and abilities, the
D-11 is just what you need on your job site.

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Trench Digging

Digging trenches is one of the oldest types of work
with both construction and excavating. Prior to World
War 2, trenches were dug by hand. As workers dug the
trenches deeper, the sides needed to be shored or
supported, to keep the walls of the trench from caving
in.

Following the World War, several innovations were made
in backhoes, and trench digging seemed to fade away
as a profession. By 1950, hydraulically actuated
backhoes were developed, which make it possible to
rapidly dig very deep trenches. Resulting from the
innovations with backhoes, and because there were no
workers inside digging the trenches, the walls no
longer needed to be shored.

All types of trenches have what’s known as a stand up
time. This time is the amount of time that elapses
from the time the ditch is dug until the time the
trench walls start to collapse. The stand up time
is dependant on many factors, which include the type
of soil, water content, trench depth, weather
conditions, and whether or not the soil has been
disturbed.

The stand up time can be as short as zero seconds
or as long as several months, as they are very
difficult to predict. Before the trench can be dug,
someone must take soil samples as way of estimating
the stand up time. Keep in mind that the soil
conditions can be dramatically different only a
few feet from where the sample of the soil was taken.

After the trench has been dug, workers will go down
into the trench, and perform whatever work is
needed, such as laying pipe or installing telephone
lines, welding pipe, or installing valves. If the
trench walls aren’t supported, there is the possibility
of the walls collapsing and trapping the workers in
the trench. Throughout history, there have been
100 – 300 people killed in the U.S. each year
due to trenches collapsing.

The public has become very aware that industrial
progress will often have negative side effects as
well. The place of engineers protecting the
public from these types of side effects is a very
controversial issue. The use of trench boxes on
the site, will help to ease this debate.

The trench box, also called a trench shield, may
be placed in the trench to prevent failures from
injuring workers. The trench box consists of two
large plates, normally made from steel, which are
parallel to the walls of the trench, and horizontal
cross members which will hold the two plates
apart.

The lower edge of the trench box rests at the
bottom of the trench, with the top edge of the
box extending above the top of the trench. The
workers will stay between the plates of the trench
box, so that if the trench does collapse, the dirt
will be stopped by the outside of the trench box.
As the work progresses, the trench box is pulled
along in the trench with a backhoe or other machine.

When a project calls for a large excavation such
as digging the foundation for a tall building, the
supporting structure for the excavated walls will
be specified in the plans. The big problem with
not using trench boxes occurs in cities, when
water or sewer lines are being installed or
repaired. The engineer doesn’t specify for the
trench box in the plans, but instead leaves it
up to the contractor.

Anytime you are going to be digging trenches or
working in them, you should always use common sense
and take your time. Trenches can be very deadly,
especially if trench boxes aren’t used. To be on
the safe side, you should always use a trench box
if you need to be in the trench. If you don’t
need to be in the trench – do the smart thing
and let the machines do all of the work.

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Easy Site Prep

Site prep is the best term that is used to describe
the operations necessary to make raw land ready
to accept improvements such as buildings, parking
lots, roads, and other amenities. Once the project
has been completed, the site prep is invisible.

The term site prep is a broad term that can include
several different tasks, such as clearing and
grubbing, soil erosion, sediment control, storm
drains, water and sewer pipes, topsoil stripping,
rock removal, underground utility, and several
other tasks.

Soil erosion and management
To protect the quality of the water, soil erosion
and sediment control measures are vital. With
most locations, storm water permitting is
required. All erosion and sediment control
measures and devices must be in place and inspected
before the first tree drops or first shovel full
of dirt is removed.

The designs for storm water management systems
are becoming more and more complex. The detension
basins have complex and spiraling side slopes
and bottoms that have almost flat grades.

Clearing
The limits of clearing can be marked with a GPS
dozer. By following the outline of the display
in the cab, the bulldozer can cut a path through
the wooded area so other equipment will have a
clear line to go by.

The traditional method used to clear debris, such
as burning, is rapidly fading away. The air
pollution standards will prevent any type of
burning of most areas across the United States.

Site prep made easy
Depending on the job site, what you have to do will
vary greatly. With excavation, what is needed to
complete a job is as different as night and day. No
matter what type of work you are doing, it will
almost always require the use of heavy machinery.

Clearing lots for houses, grading roads, laying
pipe, fixing water leaks, and digging foundations
are just some of the most common tasks found with
the art of excavation. To do this type of work,
it takes a special individual as work is outdoors
year round, meaning that you freeze in the winter
and burn up in the summer.

Laying pipe is a task that takes skill. You first
must dig the trench for the pipe, making sure that
the elevation is right, and that the pipe will meet
the specifications listed in the blueprints. There
are several different types of pipe that needs to
be layed, including water, sewer, and storm drains.

When you first begin your job, you’ll need to have
the proper permits from the area that you are going
to be disturbing the ground in. Once you have
the proper permits, you can begin your work. With
some jobs, you’ll need to document on paper just
how much land you disturb each day.

Sometimes with excavation, the job site and plans
will call for ponds or temporary ponds. This can
be fun to do, although you have to be careful as
well. Very common with sub divisions, ponds are
something that take a lot of skill to dig right.

Manholes are something else that you will encounter
as well. You can use machinery to set them in place,
although they will need to go a certain way. The
easiest way to put them in place is by using an
excavator, as you can lower it down and have a
couple of workers set it in place.

Anytime you are working on an excavation site, you
should always be careful and make sure you do things
by the book. There are always rules and regulations
that you need to follow. Excavation is a very fun
trade, although you’ll need to be well versed with
following plans, running machinery, and having fun
outdoors.

PPPPP

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